Neuropathy means damage to the peripheral nerves that carry signals between the brain/spinal cord and the body.
It can cause numbness, tingling, burning pain, weakness, or balance problems , often starting in the feet or hands.
Early diagnosis and tailored treatment can improve function and quality of life.
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)
Cause: Autoimmune attack on the myelin (nerve insulation).Symptoms: Gradual weakness, numbness, imbalance, reduced reflexes in arms/legs.Treatment: Steroids, IVIG, plasma exchange; sometimes steroid-sparing immunotherapy.
Common IVIG/SCIG options locally: Gamunex-C, Privigen, Gammagard Liquid, Octagam, Panzyga, HyQvia (facilitated SCIG), Hizentra, Cuvitru, Xembify.*
Autoimmune Neuropathies
Examples: GBS (acute), MMN, CIDP variants.Cause: Immune system mistakenly targets peripheral nerves.Course: Acute (days–weeks) or chronic (months–years).Treatment: IVIG/plasma exchange; immunotherapy guided by your neurologist.
Diabetic Neuropathy
Cause: Long-term high blood sugar injures small vessels and nerves.Symptoms: Burning/tingling pain, numbness in feet, balance issues; sometimes stomach/bladder symptoms.Treatment: Tight glucose control, foot care, pain-relief meds, physical therapy.
Rare Genetic Neuropathies
Examples: Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT), hereditary sensory/motor neuropathies.Cause: Gene changes affecting nerve structure/function.Symptoms: Slow progressive weakness, foot deformities (high arches, hammertoes), sensory loss.Treatment: Supportive care (PT/OT, braces), pain management, genetic counseling.
General Tips
Lifestyle: Regular exercise, balanced diet, avoid smoking and excess alcohol.Safety: Daily foot checks; protective footwear; use canes/rails if balance is impaired.Monitoring: Report new/worsening weakness, numbness, pain, or falls promptly.
Pain Options: Medications (as prescribed), topical agents, PT/OT, TENS.Autoimmune: Some cases respond to IVIG, steroids, or other immunotherapies.Diabetes: Aim for individualized glucose targets; keep toes/feet protected.
*Availability and insurance coverage vary by plan and infusion center. This handout is for general education and does not replace medical advice. If you have new or worsening symptoms, contact your healthcare provider or seek urgent care.